Booting Rescue Mode
To boot your system in rescue mode, boot from a Red Hat Linux boot disk or the
Red Hat Linux CD-ROM #1, and enter the following command at the installation
boot prompt:
You can get to the installation boot prompt in one of these ways:
By booting your system from an installation boot diskette made
from the boot.img image. This method requires
that the Red Hat Linux CD-ROM #1 be inserted as the rescue image or that
the rescue image be on the hard drive as an ISO image.
[1]
By booting your system from the Red Hat Linux CD-ROM #1.
By booting from a network disk made from the
bootnet.img or PCMCIA boot disk made from
pcmcia.img. You can only do this if your
network connection is working. You will need to identify the
network host and transfer type. For an explanation of how to specify
this information, refer to the Official Red Hat Linux Installation Guide.
After booting off a boot disk or Red Hat Linux CD-ROM #1 and providing a valid
rescue image, you will see the following message:
The rescue environment will now attempt to find your Red Hat
Linux installation and mount it under the directory
/mnt/sysimage. You can then make any changes required to your
system. If you want to proceed with this step choose
'Continue'. You can also choose to mount your filesystem
read-only instead of read-write by choosing 'Read-only'.
If for some reason this process fails you can choose 'Skip'
and this step will be skipped and you will go directly to a
command shell. |
If you select Continue, it will attempt to mount
your filesystem under the directory
/mnt/sysimage. If it fails to mount a partition, it
will notify you. If you select Read-Only, it will
attempt to mount your filesystem under the directory
/mnt/sysimage, but in read-only mode. If you
select Skip, your filesystem will not be
mounted. Choose Skip if you think your filesystem
is corrupted.
Once you have your system in rescue mode, a prompt appears on VC
(virtual console) 1 and VC 2 (use the
[Ctrl]-[Alt]-[F1] key
combination to access VC 1 and
[Ctrl]-[Alt]-[F2]
to access VC 2):
If you selected Continue to mount your
partitions automatically and they were mounted successfully, you are
in single-user mode.
To mount a Linux partition manually inside rescue mode, create a
directory such as /foo,
and type the following command:
mount -t ext3 /dev/hda5 /foo |
In the above command,
/foo is a directory
that you have created and
/dev/hda5 is the
partition you want to mount. If the partition is of type
ext2, replace ext3 with
ext2.
If you do not know the names of your partitions, use the following
command to list them:
If your filesystem is mounted and you want to make your system the
root partition, use the command chroot
/mnt/sysimage. This is useful if you need to run commands
such as rpm that require your root partition to be
mounted as /. To exit the chroot environment,
type exit, and you will return to the
prompt.
From the bash# prompt, you can run many useful
commands including:
anaconda gzip mkfs.ext2 probe
badblocks head mknod ps
bash hwclock mkraid python2.2
cat ifconfig mkswap raidstart
chattr init mlabel raidstop
chmod insmod mmd rcp
chroot less mmount rlogin
clock ln mmove rm
collage loader modprobe rmmod
cp ls mount route
cpio lsattr mpartition rpm
dd lsmod mrd rsh
ddcprobe mattrib mread sed
depmode mbadblocks mren sh
df mcd mshowfat sync
e2fsck mcopy mt tac
fdisk mdel mtools tail
fsck mdeltree mtype tar
fsck.ext2 mdir mv touch
fsck.ext3 mdu mzip traceroute
ftp mformat open umount
gnome-pty-helper minfo parted uncpio
grep mkdir pico uniq
gunzip mke2fs ping zcat |
